Dependence, addiction and overdose risk

GHB can become both physically and psychologically addictive. Regular users report that they often feel like they need a little GHB to feel normal.

If people suddenly stop using GHB symptoms of withdrawal will occur including anxiety, inability to sleep and irregular heartbeat. Many heavy users report being able to taper off their use to zero by reducing their intake slowly over a two week period.

Many people find GHB to be a pleasant alcohol replacement. Unfortunately, because it is often kept as a clear liquid and even in drinking bottles, it is difficult to judge the concentration and accidental ingestions leading to overdose are common.

GHB has a very steep sleep dose-response curve, meaning that there is only a small difference between the amount required to provide the 'desired effect' and the amount required for a sleep aid or an overdose. Also, the same dose may affect different people in different ways.

If overdose occurs:

• check breathing
• turn on side to prevent choking on vomit
• call for help
• find out if the user has combined drugs.

Once users overindulge in GHB the effects act as a sleep aid and there is the potential for vomiting, blocked airways, and severe respiratory depression.

Withdrawal effects may include hallucinations, insomnia, anxiety, tremors, sweating, edginess, chest pains and tightness, muscle and bone aches, sensitivity to sounds and colours and mental blocks. These side effects will generally subside between two and 21 days depending on usage.